November 8, 2007
LM136A-2.5/LM136-2.5QML
Reference Diode
General Description
The LM136A-2.5/LM136-2.5 integrated circuit is a precision
2.5V shunt regulator diode. This monolithic IC voltage refer-
ence operates as a low-temperature-coefficient 2.5V zener
with 0.2Ω dynamic impedance. A third terminal on the
LM136-2.5 allows the reference voltage and temperature co-
efficient to be trimmed easily.
The LM136-2.5 is useful as a precision 2.5V low voltage ref-
erence for digital voltmeters, power supplies or op amp cir-
cuitry. The 2.5V make it convenient to obtain a stable
reference from 5V logic supplies. Further, since the
LM136-2.5 operates as a shunt regulator, it can be used as
either a positive or negative voltage reference.
Features
■Available with radiation guarantee
—Total Ionizing Dose 100 krad(Si)
■Low temperature coefficient
■Wide operating current of 400 μA to 10 mA
■Guaranteed temperature stability
■Easily trimmed for minimum temperature drift
■Fast turn-on
■3–lead transistor package
Ordering Information
NS Part Number SMD Part Number NS Package Number Package Description
LM136H-2.5/883 H03H T0-46, 3LD Metal Can
LM136AH-2.5-SMD 8418003XA H03H T0-46, 3LD Metal Can
LM136AH-2.5/883 H03H T0-46, 3LD Metal Can
LM136AH-2.5RQV
(Note 5)
5962R0050101VXA
100 krad(Si)
H03H T0-46, 3LD Metal Can
LM136AH-2.5RLQV
(Note 6)
5962R0050102VXA
100 krad(Si)
H03H T0-46, 3LD Metal Can
Connection Diagram
TO-46
Metal Can Package
20139720
Bottom View
See NS Package Number H03H
© 2007 National Semiconductor Corporation 201397 www.national.com
LM136A-2.5/LM136-2.5QML Reference Diode
Schematic Diagram
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LM136A-2.5/LM136-2.5QML
Typical Applications
2.5V Reference
20139709
2.5V Reference with Minimum
Temperature Coefficient
20139710
†Adjust to 2.490V
*Any silicon signal diode
Wide Input Range Reference
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LM136A-2.5/LM136-2.5QML
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)
Reverse Current 15 mA
Forward Current 10 mA
Storage Temperature −60°C ≤ TA ≤ +150°C
Operating Temperature Range (Note 2) −55°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C
Maximum Junction Temperature (TJ)(Note 2) +150°C
Lead Temperature (Soldering 10 seconds) 300°C
Thermal Resistance
θJA
Still Air Flow 354°C/W
500LF/Min Air Flow 77°C/W
θJC 46°C/W
ESD Rating (Note 3) 1,000V
Quality Conformance Inspection
Mil-Std-883, Method 5005 - Group A
Subgroup Description Temp°C
1 Static tests at 25
2 Static tests at 125
3 Static tests at -55
4 Dynamic tests at 25
5 Dynamic tests at 125
6 Dynamic tests at -55
7 Functional tests at 25
8A Functional tests at 125
8B Functional tests at -55
9 Switching tests at 25
10 Switching tests at 125
11 Switching tests at -55
12 Settling time at 25
13 Settling time at 125
14 Settling time at -55
LM136-2.5 Electrical Characteristics
DC Parameters
The following conditions apply, unless otherwise specified. IR = 1mA
Symbol Parameter Conditions Notes Min Max Unit Sub-
groups
IAdj Adjust Current VAdj = 0.7V -125 +125 µA 1, 2, 3
Delta VZDelta Zener Voltage 0.4mA ≤ IZ ≤ 10 mA 6.0 mV 1
10 mV 2, 3
VZZener Voltage VAdj = Open 2.44 2.54 V 1
2.42 2.56 V 2, 3
VAdj = 0.7V 2.39 2.49 V 1
2.29 2.49 V 2, 3
VAdj = 1.9V 2.49 2.69 V 1, 2, 3
ZRD Reverse Dynamic Impedance (Note 4) 1.0 Ω1, 2, 3
VStab Temperature Stability VZ = Adjusted to 2.490V 18 mV 2, 3
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LM136A-2.5/LM136-2.5QML
LM136A-2.5 Electrical Characteristics
DC Parameters
The following conditions apply, unless otherwise specified. IR = 1mA
Symbol Parameter Conditions Notes Min Max Unit Sub-
groups
IAdj Adjust Current VAdj = 0.7V -125 +125 µA 1, 2, 3
Delta VZDelta Zener Voltage 0.4mA ≤ IZ ≤ 10 mA 6.0 mV 1
10 mV 2, 3
VZZener Voltage VAdj = Open 2.465 2.515 V 1
2.44 2.54 V 2, 3
VAdj = 0.7V 2.39 2.49 V 1
2.29 2.49 V 2, 3
VAdj = 1.9V 2.49 2.69 V 1, 2, 3
ZRD Reverse Dynamic Impedance (Note 4) 0.6 Ω1
(Note 4) 1.0 Ω2, 3
VStab Temperature Stability VZ = Adjusted to 2.490V 18 mV 2, 3
DC Drift Parameters
Delta calculations are performed on QMLV devices at Group B, Subgroup 5 only.
Symbol Parameter Conditions Notes Min Max Unit Sub-
groups
VZZener Voltage VAdj = Open −10 +10 mV 1
VAdj = 0.7V −10 +10 mV 1
VAdj = 1.9V −10 +10 mV 1
Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is
functional, but do not guarantee specific performance limits. For guaranteed specifications and test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics. The guaranteed
specifications apply only for the test conditions listed. Some performance characteristics may degrade when the device is not operated under the listed test
conditions.
Note 2: The maximum power dissipation must be derated at elevated temperatures and is dictated by TJmax (maximum junction temperature), θJA (package
junction to ambient thermal resistance), and TA (ambient temperature). The maximum allowable power dissipation at any temperature is PDmax = (TJmax - TA)/
θJA or the number given in the Absolute Maximum Ratings, whichever is lower.
Note 3: Human body model, 1.5KΩ in series with 100pF.
Note 4: Parameter tested go-no-go only.
Note 5: Pre and post irradiation limits are identical to those listed under DC electrical characteristics. These parts may be dose rate sensitive in a space
environment and may demonstrate enhanced low dose rate effect. Radiation end point limits for the noted parameters are guaranteed only for the conditions as
specified in Mil-Std-883, Method 1019.
Note 6: Low dose rate testing has been performed on a wafer-by-wafer basis, per test method 1019 condition D of MIL-STD-883, with no enhanced low dose
rate sensitivity (ELDRS) effect.
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LM136A-2.5/LM136-2.5QML
Typical Performance Characteristics
Reverse Voltage Change
20139721
Zener Noise Voltage
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Dynamic Impedance
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Response Time
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Reverse Characteristics
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Forward Characteristics
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LM136A-2.5/LM136-2.5QML
Temperature Drift
20139727
Application Hints
The LM136 series voltage references are much easier to use
than ordinary zener diodes. Their low impedance and wide
operating current range simplify biasing in almost any circuit.
Further, either the breakdown voltage or the temperature co-
efficient can be adjusted to optimize circuit performance.
Figure 1 shows an LM136 with a 10k potentiometer for ad-
justing the reverse breakdown voltage. With the addition of
R1 the breakdown voltage can be adjusted without affecting
the temperature coefficient of the device. The adjustment
range is usually sufficient to adjust for both the initial device
tolerance and inaccuracies in buffer circuitry.
If minimum temperature coefficient is desired, two diodes can
be added in series with the adjustment potentiometer as
shown in Figure 2. When the device is adjusted to 2.490V the
temperature coefficient is minimized. Almost any silicon sig-
nal diode can be used for this purpose such as a 1N914,
1N4148 or a 1N457. For proper temperature compensation
the diodes should be in the same thermal environment as the
LM136. It is usually sufficient to mount the diodes near the
LM136 on the printed circuit board. The absolute resistance
of R1 is not critical and any value from 2k to 20k will work.
20139728
FIGURE 1. LM136 With Pot for Adjustment
of Breakdown Voltage
(Trim Range = ±120 mV typical)
20139729
FIGURE 2. Temperature Coefficient Adjustment
(Trim Range = ±70 mV typical)
Low Cost 2 Amp Switching Regulator†
20139705
*L1 60 turns #16 wire on Arnold Core A-254168-2
†Efficiency ≈ 80%
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LM136A-2.5/LM136-2.5QML
Precision Power Regulator with Low Temperature Coefficient
20139713
5V Crowbar
20139714
Trimmed 2.5V Reference with
Temperature Coefficient Independent
of Breakdown Voltage
20139715
*Does not affect temperature coefficient
Adjustable Shunt Regulator
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LM136A-2.5/LM136-2.5QML
Linear Ohmmeter
20139716
Op Amp with Output Clamped
20139717
Bipolar Output Reference
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LM136A-2.5/LM136-2.5QML
2.5V Square Wave Calibrator
20139719
5V Buffered Reference
20139730
Low Noise Buffered Reference
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LM136A-2.5/LM136-2.5QML
Revision History
Date Released Revision Section Originator Changes
07/06/07 A New Release, Corporate format L. Lytle 2 MDS datasheets converted into one
corporate datasheet format. MNLM136–2.5–X
Rev 0A0 and MNLM136A-2.5–X-RH. The
ELDRS Part has also been added. Rev. 0E0
will be archived.
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LM136A-2.5/LM136-2.5QML
Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted
NS Package Number H03H
LM136A-2.5/LM136-2.5QML Reference Diode
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